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Antihistamines and Driving-Related Behavior: A Review of the Evidence for Impairment. (posted 06/22/04)
NHTSA sponsored a review of the effects of first- and second-generation antihistamines on impairment. There is overwhelming evidence that the first-generation antihistamines produce objective signs of skills performance impairment as well as subjective symptoms of sedation. In contrast, second-generation antihistamines show much fewer incidence of objective skills performance impairment and no evidence of subjective sedation. The proper selection of second-generation antihistamines for treatment of symptoms of cols, flu, and allergies should produce little impairment of skilled performance, such as driving.

[ D-F ]

Determine Why There are Fewer Young Alcohol-Impaired Drivers (posted 10/25/01)
Drinking and driving in the United States decreased substantially from 1982 to 1998 and the number of young drivers in fatal crashes with a positive BAC dropped 61 percent during this time. This study reviews data on youth drinking and driving, analyzes differences across the states, and examines evidence of the effectiveness of laws and programs that may have affected youth drinking and driving.

Drugs and Human Performance Fact Sheets (posted 05/11/04) .pdf version
These Fact Sheets present information on sixteen of the most commonly used/abused drugs. They include information such as psychopharmacology, as well as the specific effect each drug has on driving. Toxicologists, prosecutors, police and others interested in driving under the influence of drugs cases wil be interested in their content.

Evaluation of the Austin Police Department DWI Enforcement Unit (posted 11/13/2003)
This report documents Austin, Texas' DWI enforcement unit and the benefits they've seen in increasing DWI arrests and decreasing alcohol-related fatalities.

Field Test of On-Site Drug Detection Devices Also available in .pdf (posted 01-01)

[ GI ]

An Impact Evaluation of Underage Drinking Prevention Projects (posted 12/04/03)
This report presents the results of an impact evaluation of four community-based underage drinking prevention projects stimulated by technical assistance coordinated by the National Association of Governor’s Highway Safety Representatives (now called the Governors Highway Safety Association) with funding provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The four programs which were studied were located in: Chesterfield County, Virginia; Omaha, Nebraska; Salt Lake County, Utah; and Travis County, Texas. The impact evaluation focused on the effect of the programs on proxy measures of alcohol-related crashes among youth.
 

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[ MO ]

Open Container Laws & Alcohol Involved Crashes (posted 07-22-02) .pdf version This report presents preliminary data on Alcohol Involved Crashes in states with and without Open Container Laws. Four states passed legislation in 1999 in response to the TEA-21 Restoration Act, and analyses indicated that alcohol-involved crashes declined in 3 of the 4 states. In addition to the before-after analyses of the 4 states, crash data from 1999 were compared among states that have had fully conforming laws since the enactment of the TEA-21 Restoration Act, states that enacted fully-conforming laws as of October 1, 2000, (the date on which the first transfer of funds took effect), states that had partially-conforming laws as of October 1, 2000, and states that had no Open Container laws at all as of October 1, 2000. States with no open container laws experienced significantly greater proportions of alcohol-involved fatal crashes than states with partially conforming or full-conforming laws. Also, data from NHTSA 1999 national Survey of drinking and Driving showed that Open Container laws were supported by a substantial majority of the general public.

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[ S-U ]

State of Knowledge of Drug-Impaired Driving report (posted 12/11/03)
This literature review covers scientific studies on drugged driving published since 1980. Over 300 documents were reviewed, including research from other countries. The report includes the detection and measurement of drugs in drivers, experimental research, epidemiologic research, and drug-crash countermeasures.

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